The Strategic Culture of China and Iran - 515 Words

The culture of a region has a dramatic impact on the perspective and responses of its members. These perspective and responses are influenced by physical, political and social/cultural sources that are critical to understanding why certain strategic policies are adopted. This paper will analyze the social/cultural and political sources that affect the strategic culture of China and Iran. The strategic culture of China is primarily influenced by social/cultural sources such as symbols, myths and defining texts that have resulted in China’s sense of superiority and pacifist history. Chinese sense of cultural superiority is derived from its perception that their state coincided with the civilized world and Confucianism is critical to enlightenment of the barbarians, evidenced by the 300 Chinese institutes founded worldwide. Chinese leaders also believe that unlike western expansionist philosophy, theirs is one of pacifism. This is because of their geographical position and belief that it is the core of international systems and as long as other states understand their role, there is no need for war. Chinese pacifism is more a mindset of their leaders than fact based on their 4000-year history of internal strife, revolution, and external meddling of other countries. The Chinese believe that natural order requires a strong and stable China, one united inter nally and free from external influences and will use military force when needed. Consequently, most ChineseShow MoreRelatedChallenges And Barrier And Soluations For Chinese Companies At China Pakistan Economic Corridor ( Cpec )1655 Words   |  7 PagesCHALLENGES/BARRIER AND SOLUATIONS FOR CHINESE COMPANIES AT CHINA PAKISTAN ECONOMIC CORRIDOR (CPEC) Abstract: In this paper, focus on the risks and challenges in the process of construction of CPEC. There are lot of studies about the importance of CPEC, benefits and impact on future economy of both countries. This paper attempts to explain the challenges, due to security issues, culture difference between china and Pakistan, energy issue in Pakistan, political, conflict in Balochistan, tribal issuesRead MoreHow Does â€Å"Strategic Culture† Explains The Patterns Of State705 Words   |  3 PagesHow does â€Å"strategic culture† explains the patterns of state behavior in three cases: the United States, China, and Iran. What are the causal mechanisms (i.e. cause-effect explanations) in these cases? Is â€Å"strategic culture† a cause of the observed patterns? Or is other cause (e.g. hierarchy, power structure, etc.)? Strategic culture allows scholars for the opportunity to recognize, analyze and explain patterns of continuity and change when it comes to the reasons behind state behaviors in the internationalRead MoreThe Relationship between the Nuclear Weapons and the Bargaining Power1650 Words   |  7 PagesNagasaki in the Second World War, there are few nations that possess nuclear weapons or are suspected of seeking nuclear weapons. Countries that have been certified as possessing nuclear weapons is the United States, Soviet Union, Britain, France, China, India, Pakistan and North Korea. There is a chart from BBC shows the number of nuclear weapons in each country’s possession. Of these, almost 5,000 are considered operational and about 2,000 belonging to the United States and Russia are believedRead MoreUsg Case Study1730 Words   |  7 Pages USA JFK SWEG(A) IRAN’S PROXY WAR IN SYRIA EXSUM SUBMITTED TO MR. AHAB AND MR. KALDANI OF THE LANGUAGE, REGIONAL, EDUCATION and CULTURE PROGRAM SPECIAL WARFARE EDUCATION GROUP (AIRBORNE) BY CPT TANNER R. DERFLINGER FT. BRAGG, NC DECEMBER 2017 INTRODUCTION With the proclaimed defeat of ISIS, current ties with Russia, and the seemingly inevitable defeat of rebel forces against the Assad Regime, the Iranian government has the opportunity to spread influence within the Central CommandRead MoreDwight D. Eisenhower and Civil Rights Act Essay995 Words   |  4 PagesCold War United Nations Chiang Kai-Shek Mao Zedong â€Å"China Lobby† Containment Doctrine George Kennan Marshall Plan National Security Act of 1947 Central Intelligence Agency NATO Berlin Airlift Warsaw Pact NSC-68 Servicemen’s Readjustment Act – 1944 GI Bill Coal Strike – 1946 Fair Deal Labor Management Relations Act – 1947 Progressive Party Thomas Dewey Korean War Gen. Douglas Mac Arthur HUAC The Hollywood 10 Alger Hiss Whittaker Chambers Richard Nixon J. Edgar Hoover Read MoreThe Roman Empire1965 Words   |  8 PagesHowever, numerous aspects allowed the Byzantine Empire to stay in power for a 1000 years after the end of the Roman Empire; primarily the emperors were focused on the political, culture and economic affairs from top to bottom. This triangle strategy of the empire backed by a greater strategic communication and well-designed political warfare against their rivals enabled the empire to stay stable and secure. There are also few other internal and external factors and advantages. Including some greatRead MoreWhy Has America Stopped Winning Wars Essay782 Words   |  4 Pagesexcessive use of military force is the only way to quench Washington’s thirst He concludes with an implication that American’s victory culture has led to disillusionment of our government’s expectations, and that this culture should be reexamined in order to prevent unnecessary loss of life in the future. Although Tierney makes a valiant effort to question US military strategic efforts over the last 70 years, he fails to realize that America’s emphasis on national security is a major contributing factorRead MoreChina Pakistan Economic Corridor : A Spatial Analysis On The Security Risk Of Cpec1534 Words   |  7 PagesChina Pakistan Economic Corridor: A Spatial Analysis on the Security Risk of CPEC Muhammad Umer ArshadË ¡ Zhao Hai Dong ² Ë ¡ PhD Fellow, Department of Economic, Inner Mongolia University, HoHHoT, China,Student.Pak@yahoo.com  ² Head of Department, Economic Department, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China, hdzhayy@163.com Address for Correspondence: Muhammad Umer Arshad, Phd Fellow, Department of Economic, Inner Mongolia University, HoHHoT, China, International Building #D Room#109,Student.Pak@yahooRead MoreThe Consequences Of The US President Donald Trump1092 Words   |  5 PagesBrexit negotiations uncertain and difficult. China seems to have decided to set up its military base in Pakistan, cementing its economic and strategic surge. It is an integral part of the Chinese ambition to become a strategic force in West Asia and Africa. Several Arab countries spearheaded by Saudi Arabia imposed an embargo on Qatar, which was blamed for supporting Sunni Islamist terrorists in the Arab world. Terrorists killed 12 people in Iran and 7 in the United Kingdom, the one in the UKRead MoreCultural Awareness And Characteristics Within The Afghanistan Culture1732 Words   |  7 PagesCultural Awareness and characteristics within the Afghanistan culture. There are five major characteristics that define a culture; they are learned, shared, symbols, integrated, and dynamic. Culture is learned. It is not biological; we do not inherit it. Much of learning culture is unconscious. We learn culture from families, peers, institutions, and media. The process of learning culture is known as enculturation. While all humans have basic biological needs such as food, sleep, and sex, the way

Describe How Groups Can Influence People in Positive and...

Describe how groups can influence people in positive and negative ways. We as people have many different roles within our life, these roles serve many different purposes. We also we find we belong to different groups in which we play our different roles, this makes up our social identity. It is these groups that can have a negative or a positive effect on ourselves. We can be part of the â€Å"in group† or the â€Å"out group† depending on somebodys experience of the membership of that group, sometimes groups maintain an us and them mentality when it comes to being part of it. The norms of the group are expected to be adhered to by members, and this can lead to members being expected to conform, non conformity can often lead to role conflict†¦show more content†¦The boys were divided into equal groups and quickly fell into the group norms of sharing jokes and secret codes, obviously showing bonds of loyalty and companionship and this has a positive effect on a person, it allows them to feel part of the â€Å"in group† which raises their self esteem and also promotes a sense of belonging to the group and a sense of identity, these are all positive effects on each member as an individual. Then a competition was set up in the form of a tournament, good sportsmanship quickly degenerated, and they became hostile towards each other, this is the negative effect, there was obviously some role conflict in the boys as they had formed a group in which they all had a inclusive role, they were part of the â€Å"in group†, but once competition was introduced this caused conflict between them, this affected the boys negatively as they resorted to name calling, aggression and prejudice. In conclusion there has been evidence to show that groups have both a negative and also a positive effect on its members. It has been demonstrated that some people will cope with the negative effects in an unproductive way by changing their behaviour in way that was detrimental to the well being of themselves and its other members. However the positives can have a very powerful effect on a person in that it can promote a sense of identity, loyalty andShow MoreRelatedDrawing on Appropriate Evidence Describe How Groups Can Influence People in Positive and Negative Ways.1336 Words   |  6 PagesDrawing on appropriate evidence describe how groups can influence people in positive and negative ways. My plan for this essay is to: †¢ Study the required chapter making sure I understand what I am reading. The chapter that I shall be concentrating on is ‘identifying social identities’. I will be identifying both the positive and negative ways that can influence people’s lives. †¢ I shall take notes on both the negative and positive influences. 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This increase is seen along all four groups. ‘Unintentionally homeless and in priority need’ increased by 30%, ‘homeless but not in priority need’ by 21% and ‘not homeless’ by 5% howeverRead MoreThe Effects Of Media On The Media Influences Viewers1587 Words   |  7 PagesRacial Bias in the Media Influences Viewers Television reaches more consumers for more time than any other source of media. Its use for entertainment or news is overly influential, persuasive, and authoritative. Through these characteristics, any type of information or message influences its massive audience. Because of this, what Americans see – or fail to see- has a powerful impact on how they view other races. Young children are especially vulnerable to the information they are exposed to. TVRead Morehealth science937 Words   |  4 Pages On completion of this unit a learner should: Understand effective communication and interpersonal interaction in health and social care. 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Psycho by Alfred Hitchcock Free Essays

Hitchcock and Dualism in Psycho The characters in Alfred Hitchcock’s Psycho (1960) each have a dual nature that is masterfully portrayed through character development and use of mirrors throughout the film. The very first shot in Psycho is zooming in from an open view of the city where it is a bright and sunny day. As the shot zooms in further and further it comes into a dark and shaded room that shows Marion Crane (Janet Leigh) and Sam Loomis (John Gavin) having an affair in a undisclosed hotel. We will write a custom essay sample on Psycho by Alfred Hitchcock or any similar topic only for you Order Now This is dualistic image is just one example of many that Hitchcock has placed in this film. Marion Crane is the first main character that is focused upon for the first half of Psycho. â€Å"All that Marion Wants, after all, are the humble treasures of love, marriage, home, and family. † (Brill 227) [up and down] This is the reason why Marion steals the money in the first place. The money is her first real chance at escaping the life of meeting at cheap hotels in secret. The opening scene shows the lack of money and personal isolation that Marion has while making love in secrecy in a hotel that â€Å"aren’t interested in you when you come in, but when your time is up. Marion is desperate for any type of companionship with Sam even claiming she would happily live in the spare room at his work. The progress of Marion in Psycho is followed very closely by her appearance and her apparel. â€Å"†¦the bag is a transgressive agent associated with stealing, escape, and independence. † (Gottlieb, Brookhouse 151) [Sarah Street 151] Before any crime was ever committed, Marion wore a white bag that matched her underwear and her clothing. After the money was taken, she made a choice to place the envelope of money in her black bag, rather than her suitcase which would completely hide the money. Along with the change in bags, Marion also changes her underwear to black, and her outer clothes to dark colors as well. Marion’s death is very symbolic and dualistic in a multitude of ways. â€Å"The fact that Marion is nonetheless murdered after her self-realization suggests that neither she nor the society that produced her is recuperable† (Gottlieb, Brookhouse 362) [Christopher Sharrett 362] Once Marion had made that fatal mistake to become a criminal, she was destined to die as a criminal, with no chance of salvation. This is very dualistic of the ending of the frontier, which was right around the time Psycho was produced. the movement of the film is steadily downward and inward, away from the feeling of daylight, abundance, and expanse to a nightmarish claustrophobia that exteriorizes the unconscious mind. † (Gottlieb, Brookhouse 362) [Christopher Sharrett 362] The image of the West being a gigantic open expanse was coming to an end and Hitchcock showed that the frontier was finished and there was no chance of it coming back. Hitchcock places a large amount of dualism between the characters of Marion, Sam, Norman Bates (Anthony Perkins), and Lila Crane (Vera Miles). The first couple, Sam and Marion, engenders the second, Norman and Marion: Norman has thus taken the place of Sam. Yet he has actually, diegetically speaking, taken the place of Marion, given the mirror dialectic between the sexes and their psychic structurations. † (Deutalbaum, Poague 357) [Bellour 357] The couple of Marion and Sam never got a chance to be married, but as the film goes through the second half, it is Sam and Lila that are â€Å"married† as they go to the motel. Lila doubles as her lost sister as the heroine of the film, following nearly the same actions as Marion. The look on Lila’s face as she finds the mummy is identical to that of Marion’s in the shower Hitchcock uses mirrors quite a bit in Psycho to really help express dualism in this film. â€Å"†¦ depthless images in mirrors that are used systematically throughout Psycho to prefigure the shattering of its characters’ personal coherence. † (Brill 227) [up and down] Brill states how Hitchcock uses mirrors to match up the different characters and to show that there is a lot more depth than what the viewer my first think. Through use of mirrors, Hitchcock brings a much deeper meaning to certain scenes with different characters than would otherwise be without mirrors. One of the most crucial uses of mirrors in Psycho is when Marion is at the car dealership. â€Å"When she takes the damning step of spending some of the money, she is radically bisected by a down word looking shot and a mirror in the washroom where she takes the cash from her purse. † (Brill 227) The image in this scene is extremely important to the dual nature of Marion. At this point, she passes the point of no return and is cut in half by the mirror. The half image of Marion shows that she has split herself in two, good and evil, and the evil side is the one that has taken over. The second half of Psycho, in which Marion is dead, shows the dualism between Marion and the other characters. When Detective Milton Arbogast (Martin Balsam) first interrogates Norman, his back is to the mirror in the parlor, almost identical to that of Marion when she first entered the motel. Sam appears more than once in the same mirrors while uestioning Norman. When Lila is searching the house for Ms. Bates she comes upon the double mirrors in her bedroom. â€Å"This moment constitutes Hitchcock’s most explicit suggestion that his characters are experiencing-and we are watching- not something weirdly outside ordinary experience, but the expression of a potential for personal distortion and violence that is the other side, the mirror image, of human normality† (Brill 227) This moment is key for Hitchcock because he shows the viewers that something like this could actually happen. There are people in the world that are not mentally stable and that do the type of things that Norman Bates does. Hitchcock also shows a large amount of dualism between the characters in Psycho and birds. â€Å"†¦a complex analogy between bird and human that exists in Psycho and is announced in the opening sequence of the film. Over the bird’s-eye view of a city [†¦] evoke the point of view of a bird who glides down, alights on the window ledge, and slips into the room. (Gottlieb, Brookhouse 295) [Richard Allen] Another sense of duality is present in the last names of Marion Crane and Sam Loomis, both different types of birds and both can be seen as a pair of love-birds. The duality in with birds in Psycho becomes extremely apparent with Norman Bates. When Norman is talking to Marion, he tells her: â€Å"My hobby is stuffing things. You know, taxidermy. I guess I’d just rather stuff birds because I hate the look of beasts when they’re stuffed. You kno w, foxes and chimps. Some people even stuff dogs and cats but, oh, I can’t do that. I think only birds look well stuffed, well, because they’re kind of passive to begin with. Norman’s claim that birds are passive to begin with, is a reference to the habits of birds and is implied to being a habit of women as well. His obsession with stuffing birds culminated in the creation of his prized â€Å"stuffed bird†, the mummy of his mother. â€Å"This ‘stuffed bird’ was created by the act of ‘stuffing a bird’ in the sense that combines both a sexual act- the implied incest between Norman and his mother- and the act of killing. The monstrous figure of Norman’s mummy is condemned endlessly to repeat this act. † (Gottlieb, Brookhouse 296) [Richard Allen] Marion is the first victim of this sexual and murderous bird that swoops down from the house and attacks her. The knife can be seen as a form of â€Å"pecking† that is used to kill her. After being â€Å"pecked† Marion Crane eventually ends up slumped over, very dualistic to that of a bird with a broken neck staring blankly upward. The stare of death that remains on Marion’s face is a mirror image of the birds that hang in the parlor of the motel, permanently stuck staring out from death. The angles of the shots when Marion and Arbogast are being murdered are from a very high up view to symbolize even further to create a duality between Norman’s mother and a bird. â€Å"Hitchcock’s camera, initially indentified with the love-bird, now comes to occupy the gaze of the death-bird in a series of high-angled shots that accompany the murder of Marion [†¦] swoops down to murder Arbogast on the landing of the gothic staircase. † (Gottlieb, Brookhouse 296) [Richard Allen] Both murders relate to a frenzied bird swooping down from high above and attacking its prey with its vicious beak. How to cite Psycho by Alfred Hitchcock, Essay examples

Moment That Changed My Life free essay sample

Not many people can look back in their lives and pinpoint some exact moments that changed their lives. And to find the most important moment of all those moments is a hard thing to do for most of them. For me, I had two very important moments that had a huge impact on my life which are Participating in January 25th revolution and Joining the AUC. However, I find Joining the AUC is more important as it was a part of the influence I had that made me wanting to participate in the revolution. Joining the AUC was a very hard decision to make; it took a very long time to get it done. We have to go back to the beginning of the story, which can be divided to four phases of my life. The first phase would be my childhood. I always wanted to be an engineer, I was a huge fan of electronic devices, I loved to fix things, and I even tried many times to create new things of my broken toys. We will write a custom essay sample on Moment That Changed My Life or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Then, it was my late childhood when we got our first computer, I was about 10 back then, it was amazing and I used to spend hours playing and exploring new things about it, and that was when I started falling in love with computers. I had that computer for many years till I finished my last year in preparatory education with high grades, that was when I asked my father for a new better computer which I used to spend longer time using than I used to spend using the other as it was more developed and advanced. The second phase would be the end of my first year in secondary education, which is when the cause of the problem emerged. It was when I had to decide if I will go for science subjects or mathematics subjects. My mother is a doctor and my father is a lawyer, they both wanted me to be a doctor, I kept telling them that I do not want to go for medicine and that I wanted to go for computer engineering. My mother discussed it with me and she was telling me that if I do not get the required grade for engineering I will have to go for other fields and colleges that are too hard and their future career is not so bright but if I choose to study science and do not get the required grade for medicine I would have the chance to go for other good colleges like pharmacy or dentistry for example. As well as that, she tried convincing me through telling me the benefits of studying medicine and how it would help people greatly by lessening their suffering and pain which was the reason why she studied medicine and wanted to be a doctor. I was convinced easily and gave up my dream. The third phase would be when I got the required grades and even higher and joined the faculty of medicine in Zagazig University. When I and my family knew the results, we all were happy and celebrating, I was happy that I did not disappoint my parents and was done with the first step of fulfilling their dream. Then, school started, I was having fun and university life was a new experience that I enjoyed but after a while when I had to start studying, I was not interested in the subjects at all and found it too hard to study so I decided to leave it till the end of the academic year right before the exams by a month or two to study just for the exams not for knowledge, and it was it. I studied before the exams and got average grades but I was able to pass. It was a disappointment to my parents as they expected me to be of the highest grades students. I started complaining because I didn’t like it, and that was when my mother knew that if I keep on doing this it will be no good and I will end up wasting time and my life so she thought of asking my father to let me transfer to the AUC and study what I like which is engineering. My father refused as he wanted me to be a doctor and replied to her that I will do better in the next year and it was just because it was a new life for me. I was disappointed and started getting depressed, on the second year I did the same thing I did before in the first one but this time it was even worse and it did not work out good, I had four courses and I only attended final exams of only two of them and kept the other two for the next year. By the third year when I was actually repeating the two courses I did not attend their finals I went into deep depression which made my parents rethink of me joining the AUC all over again. And that was it; by the middle of the academic year I came to the AUC and applied. The fourth and the last phase would when I got my acceptance letter from the AUC, I remember that day, I was very happy and nervous at the same time as it was a dream I have been dreaming of for more than 3 years. My life has changed greatly and has been different since then. It is an amazing experience; I am having new friends, meeting new people every day and learning so many new things. I really do not regret making this decision.